So lawn - this is how you succeed

It is wise to establish a lawn in the autumn, preferably in August/September, when the weather is a bit cooler, and with occasional rain showers. The temperature should be above 10ºC. For the same reasons, you can also establish a lawn early in the spring.,,Garden Planning,First, plan where paths, terraces, flower beds, and trees will be located, as it will make things easier later on.,,Groundwork,Next, loosen the soil, as there may have been construction traffic and similar activities. Remove the top layer of topsoil and set it aside. Loosen the ground to a depth of half a meter, ideally done with a tractor by a professional gardener.,,Replace the topsoil and level it,The thickness of the soil layer should be 20-30 cm to create a robust and durable lawn that can withstand some drought. Remove stones, roots, weeds, and the like. Turn the soil by hand or with a rototiller in multiple directions to make the soil porous and airy. If there is a lot of sand in the soil, a light rototilling or tilling is sufficient. Then, remove small stones with a garden rake.,,Soil Types and Fertilization,It is beneficial to add well composted compost or topsoil. If the soil is very clayey, it is advisable to add a 5-10 cm thick layer of coarse sand on top. If there is a lot of sand, peat should be added, and acidic peat soil should be mixed with sand and clay soil. Then apply the base fertilizer before tilling/mixing everything together. Use regular complete fertilizer or organic fertilizer that is more considerate of beneficial soil organisms. Consider getting a soil analysis to determine how much fertilizer and lime you should use. The pH value should be between 6.5-7, about 25 kg per 100 m2.,,Smooth Out the Surface and Sow,Afterward, the surface should be leveled as smoothly as possible, with no bumps. Lightly rake over it one last time before sowing or laying down sod. Rake gently across the furrows after sowing to protect the seeds from drying out.,,Seed Quantity,1-2 kg of seeds per 100 m2. Mix the seeds in the package thoroughly before sowing. Newly seeded lawn requires consistent moisture to germinate and establish. Cut when it reaches 7-8 cm in height. Keep it at 4-5 cm height. Then cut it when it is 1 cm taller than desired, frequently and minimally. This way, the clippings are small enough to decompose and return nutrients to the soil. Never cut more than 1/3 of the grass's length, and change the cutting direction each time.,,Maintenance Fertilization,Apply 2-3 times with approximately 30 kg of lawn fertilizer per acre (1000 m2) when there is not much moss in the lawn. The last fertilization should be around August 1st.

The moss establishes itself where the grass does not thrive, it does not push the grass away. If you have moss, it is because the grass does not have the right growing conditions. If it is too wet, too shady, or lacking in air and nutrients, or all at once, the grass will not grow and the moss will spread. If you try to remove the moss with a rake or mechanical moss remover, and do nothing else, you will only spread moss spores everywhere. The solution is often fertilization, but also aerating and top dressing the lawn. In some shady areas, it may be worth planting a ground-covering plant that thrives in shade, such as some nice perennials.

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